Wrench



Feb. 18, 1930. J. A. GILES WRENCH Filed July 17, 1929 INVENTOR lz'an A. 67/66 .cured by a pin 16 or the (like.-

Patented Feb. 18, 1930 STATES UNITE' "PATTEI WRENCH- Application filed Zl'uly 17, 1929. Serial No. 378,874.

This invention relates to wrenches, the I object of which, among other things, is to provide a wrench of simple construction and great strength, that is adapted to be used in places where the space for the movement of a wrench is limited, where the handle of the wrench will extend substantially parallel with the jaws instead of at right angles thereto, as in general practice, wherein the wrench will have the maximum capacity with the minimum length of movable jaw, so arranged that the strain upon the jaw adjusting mechanism is reduced to the minimum and practically no strain upon the support therefor, and in these and'other ways produce a wrench having the maximum efficiency.

To these and other ends, my invention con sists in the wrench having certain details of construction and combinations of parts, as will be, hereinafter described and more particularly pointed out in the claims.

In, the drawings, reference to which is hereby made, and wherein like numerals of reference indicate like parts in the several figures; 1

Figure 1 is a side view of my improved wrench, with a portion of the handle re-,

moved; 1 1

Figure 2 is. an edge view thereof, Figure 3 is a fragmentary sectional view thereof, the parts in section being taken gen- .erally upon the line of Figure 2; and

. -Figure 4'is a similar view with the movable jaw, worm and adjacentparts in different relative positions. l

Inthe embodimentof my invention as disclosed in the drawings, wherein is disclosed one of the numerous forms that my invention mayv assume, 10. indicates the head portion having two ch'eek portions 12-12, separated by an open space 13 that extends at one end to form the lip portions 114;, and 11 is the handle which projects therefrom. Between the lip portion 1414 a fixed jaw15 is se- The movable jaw 17 is provided with a tail piece 18 at substantially a right angle to the toothed portion and has a fulcrum lug 19-near one end at one side and a plurality of teeth 20 upon the opposite side. Inone face of the tail piece is a recess 21, into which projectsthe head of a stud 22 or the like,

which duringthe freemovement of the aw 17 prevents its disengagement from the head portion 10. a

Each cheek of the head portion is provided with an opening 23 located opposite each other and j ournaled in the head adjacent thereto, and between the cheeks upon the pintle 25 is. a roll 24, preferably having a. concaved face substantially as shown in Figure 2. I prefer a roll, as 24 or the like, but such is not essential to the operation of my wrench, as arigid cylindrical member might be substituted therefor or the head portion a may beformed with a rounded surface at this spring'31 which abuts against the bottom of the bore 28 and exerts its tension so as to move the worm 26 toward the roll '24.

- fixed jaw at a point substantially coincident with the line 34-34 in extension of the diameter of the work-piece. Thus, the pressure cured as ."vexed as indicated.

direction. 7 a The movable jaw while traveling from its grip to its non-grip position and vice versa rocks on the fulcrumluglt) which rides against the inner face of the fixed jaw and maintains contact therewith. I i

The movable aw may be adjusted toward the fixed jaw either by rotating the worm or by merely applying pressure to the outer end thereof, in which case the teeth on the tail piece slide on the worm. In the opposite directionthe jaw may be adjusted by rotation of the worm or by drawing the jaw outwardly at, the same time as the wormisfp ulled away 7 from the tail piece, thus disengaging the worm-from the teeth of the tail piece. i

Theworm asmounted is capable of movement axially in both directions, and isdii rectly opposite the workpiece instead of upon the sideflthereof as is usual. These features insure greater fiexibility'of the jaw, add to the strength of the wrench, make the same more 7 "'3 compact, and permit the use of amovable-jaW with a great capaci length. r I One end ofthefworm is substantially conical, although inpractice it has a slight curve,

ty but comparatively short 40 the center of which is adjacent to the fixed jaw, preferably somewhere along the inner line thereof, as at 35. Thus, as labor is ap- 1 plied toithe worm throughthe movable j aw, the engagement of the conical'endof the worm with the concaved face of the'roll has a tendency to, decrease the topen space between the jaws'and thus increase the grip of the movable jaw;

While a is desirable that the sides or the essential to the operation of the device, as such sides maybe straight,'but it is believed the operation will be-more efficient con- There are minor changes and alterations thatimay be made 'Wi'thin'my invention, and I wouldtherefore have-it understood that I do not limit myself to [the exact, construction 'hereinshown and described, but claim allithat fallsfa irly within the spirit and scope o'fithe Y appended claims. 7

WhatI claim as new is:

' 1, A wrench having a fixed j '-abl e jaw,1the= latter moving upon a fulcrum ,"adjacent to thefixed jaw; a wormfor actuatpressure is applied in the opposite ing the movable jaw that located opposite" r the opening between the jaws; and a support for the worm having endwise movement in I both directions withina limited range. I

2. A wrench having a fixed j aw and a movable jaw, the latter moving upon a fulcrum adjacent to the fixed jaw; a worm for actuat ing the movable jaw, located opposite the opening between the jaws; a support'for the worm having endwise movement in both di-- rections withina limited range; and an abut ment against whichfthe support member guided in one direction. I

3. A wrench having a head portion; a fixedjaw therein; a movable jaw therein; a worm within the head'portion for actuating the movable jaw; and an abutment engaged by said worm while the jaws are under labor in contact with an article therebetween, the arrangement of the said jaws, actuating means andabutment being such that the strain and stress on the wrench under labor is in substantially a straight'line that extends from '7 a point on the fixed jaw where the article contacts therewith through the movable-j aw and abutment, the extent of the area of the con-V tact'surf'ace of said worm with-the abutment r being variable with the position of the Worm.

4L. wrenchhavin a head portion; a fixed jaw therein; a mova le jaw therein; means within the head portion'for actuating the movable jaw; and a rotary abutment engaged'by said means while-the jaws are under labor in contact with an article therebetween,

the arrangement of the said jaws, actuating l meansand abutment being such that the strain and stress on the wrench :under laboris in substantially a straight line that extends from a point on the fixed jaw where the ar- -ticle contacts therewith through the movable l dabutment, 5. A wrench having-a h 7 ead portion; a fixed 7 aw there1n;a movable aw'thereln; means within the head portion for actuating the movable jaw located opposite the openin between the jaws; a'support for saidmeans' aving endwise movement in both directions'and Y ]within' a limited range held againstl'ateral movement "by" the head portion andiwits endwise movement guided by. a part connected -with the head portionfg' 1:"

head portion; a'fixed V 6. Awrench'havin jaw therein; a movablegjaw having an inter- V meshing engagement with -head Portion whereby its rocking movement }is limited;"

' means com'prisingin part a worm having engagement with the movable jawfor actuating i the same; 'm'eans for' supp'orting the worm,-Y

comprising'inpart a support member mounted relatively to the head; portionand provid- H ing a journal for the worm-and having end v wise movement in" 'both dijrections derived 1 from the actionof the movable jaw; an abutj ment fordirecting such endwise movement in p, {one d1rect1on; and yielding meansbetween in both directions within a limited range and V in a path substantially parallel with that of the movable jaw, such endwise movement being derived from the action of the movable jaw, and in one direction guided by a fixed part on the head portion.

8. A wrench having a fixed jaw and a movable jaw; a worm for actuating the move, able jaw; and an abutment'for the worm, said worm having a conical end which by its en- .gagement with the abutment tends to actuate the movable jaw so as to decrease the open space between the jaws.

9. A wrench having a fixed jaw and a movable aw; a worm for actuating the movable jaw; an abutment for the worm; and a connection between the movable jaw and worm, whereby when the jaw is under labor it will impart endwise movementto the worm and the latter by reason of its engagement with the abutment will force the movable jaw so that the open space between the jaws may be reduced and thus increase the grip of the jaws on the workpiece.

10. A wrench having a fixedjaw and a movable jaw, the latter moving upon a fulcrum adjacent to the fixed jaw; a worm for actuating the movable jaw; and means for mounting the same whereby the movable jaw may maintain its same co-operative relation with the worm while the latter is moving upon the fulcrum.

11. A wrench having a head portion and a handle extending therefrom; a fixed jaw connected with thehead portion, the

engaging face of which is substantially parallel to the length of the handle; a movable jaw mounted within the head and fulcrumed adjacent to the fixed aw; and means within the head for imparting movement to the movable jaw that may maintain its same relative position with the movable jaw while the latter is moving about the fulcrum.

12. A wrench having a head portion and a handle extending therefrom; a fixedjawconnected with the head portion, the engaging face of which is substantially parallelwith the length of the handle; a movable jaw mounted within the head and fulcrumed adjacent to the fixed jaw, such means comprising a plurality of parts, two of which have endwise movement in both directions both as a unit and relatively to each other.

18. A wrench having a head portion; a fixed jaw; a movable jaw having teeth on the face thereof distant fiom' the open; space b tween thejaws and fulcrumed for arocking movement relative to the head portion; a

worm for impartingfendwise movement to the movable j aw; and .means formaintainmovement and while underv labor,comprising in part a support wh1chder1ves an endwise movement from the movable jaw.

14. A wrench having a head portion; fixed jaw; a movable jaw that rocks upon a fulcrum adjacent to'the fixed jaw; a worm for imparting movement to the movable jaw to ward and away from the fixed j aw and means for supporting the worm whereby it -will maintain a constant contact with the movable jaw irrespective of the relative position of the jaws and while the same are under labor or the movable jaw is moving upon its fulcrum, comprising in part a support that is movable in the head portion and is in contact with a fixed abutment which 1 guides its endwise movement.

15. A wrench having a headportion; a fixed jaw; a movable jaw that rocks upon a fulcrum adjacent to the fixed jaw; a worm for imparting movement to the movable aw toward and away from the fixed jaw; and

means for supporting the worm whereby it will maintain a constant contact with the movable aw lrrespective of the relative position of the j awsand while the same are under" labor or the movable jaw is moving upon its fulcrum, comprlsing in part a support that is movable in the head portion and having a shank and an angular'face; and an'abutment in engagement with said angular face and by reason thereof guides the support during its movement;

16. A wrench having a head portion; a fixed jaw; a movable jaw that rocks upon a fulcrum adjacent to the fixed jaw; a worm for imparting movement to the movable jaw toward and away from the fixed jaw; and means for supporting the worm whereby it will maintain a constant contact with the movable jaw irrespective of the relative posi- 'for imparting movement to the movable jaw toward and away from the fixed jaw; and means for supporting the worm whereby it will maintain a constant contact with the movable jaw irrespective of the relative position of the jaws and while the same are under ing the worm in contact with the teeth of the movable jaw-during the'said 'rocking 'laboror the mov able'jaw i's moving upon its fulcrum; comprising 1n part a, support having a shank thereon andan offset portion upon 7 vone side of the shank in engagement with one wall of the fixed jaw, and an abutmentin the head portion having oontaot with the support, 7

the action of the movable jaw upon its fulcrum causing moy emen't of the support which i *is' transformed "into an endwise movement through its engagement'with the abutment.

whereof, vI have hereunto at :fixediny" signature. I a 'f'JULIAN A; GILES.

In testimony 

